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Thyroid Test | Thyroid Symptoms and Cure | Thyroid test normal range | diet for thyroid patients

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The thyroid is a small, butterfly-shaped gland in the front of your neck that makes thyroid hormones. Thyroid hormones control how your body uses energy, so they affect the way nearly every organ in your body works—even the way your heart beats.

What does the thyroid gland do?

The thyroid gland produces hormones that regulate the body's metabolic rate controlling heart, muscle and digestive function, brain development and bone maintenance. Its correct functioning depends on a good supply of iodine from the diet. Cells producing thyroid hormones are very specialised in extracting and absorbing iodine from the blood and incorporate it into the thyroid hormones.

The Functions of thyroid hormones are:

  • Increases the basal metabolic rate

  • Depending on the metabolic status, it can induce lipolysis or lipid synthesis.

  • Stimulate the metabolism of carbohydrates

  • Thyroid hormones can also induce catabolism of proteins in high doses.

  • Permissive effect on catecholamines

  • In children, thyroid hormones act synergistically with growth hormones to stimulate bone growth.

  • The impact of thyroid hormone in CNS is important. During the prenatal period, it is needed for the maturation of the brain. In adults, it can affect mood. 

  • Hyperthyroidism can lead to hyperexcitability and irritability.

  • Thyroid hormone affects fertility, ovulation, and menstruation.

Thyroid test empty stomach or not

Sometime doctors will suggest you do not fast before your thyroid function test. Research shows that fasting, especially early morning, may impact TSH levels. If you have already diagnosed & under treatment, doctor may suggest to do Free Thyroid test in fasting . A fasting test typically results in higher TSH levels versus one done in the afternoon. 


Thyroid Test Results Chart








 









Symptoms of Hyperthyroidism

Generalized hyper metabolism from hyperthyroidism causes increased Na+/K+-ATPase to promote thermogenesis. There is increased catecholamine secretion and, beta-adrenergic receptors are also upregulated in various tissues. As a result of the hyperadrenergic state, peripheral vascular resistance is decreased. In the heart, hyperthyroidism causes a decreased amount of phospholamban, a protein that normally decreases the affinity of calcium-ATPase for calcium in the sarcoplasmic reticulum. As a result of decreased phospholamban, there is increased Ca+ movement between the sarcoplasmic reticulum and cytosol, leading to increased contractility. Increased beta-receptors on the heart also lead to increased cardiac output.

 General

  • Weight loss

  • Increased appetite

  • Increased sweating from cutaneous blood flow increase

  • Weakness

  • Heat intolerance

  • Fatigue

  • Onycholysis (separation of nails from nail beds)

  • Pretibial myxedema

Eyes

  • Lid lag (when looking down, sclera visible above cornea)

  • Lid retraction (when looking straight, sclera visible above the cornea)

  • Graves ophthalmopathy

Goitre

  • Diffuse, smooth, non-tender goitre

  • The audible bruit can be heard at the superior poles

Cardiovascular

  • Tachycardia (can be masked by patients taking beta-blockers)

  • Palpitations

  • An irregular pulse from atrial fibrillation

  • Hypertension

  • Widened pulse pressure because systolic pressure increases and diastolic pressure decreases

  • Heart failure (elderly patients)

  • Chest pain

  • Abnormal heart rhythms

Musculoskeletal

  • Fine tremors of the outstretched fingers. Face, tongue, and head can also be involved. Tremors respond well to treatment with beta-blockers.

  • Myopathy affects proximal muscles. Serum creatine kinase levels can be normal.

  • Osteoporosis, caused by the direct effects of T3. Elderly patients can present with fractures.

Neuropsychiatric system

  • Restlessness

  • Anxiety

  • Depression

  • Emotional instability

  • Insomnia

  • Tremulousness

  • Hyperreflexia

What should I do?

Eating certain foods will not cure hyperthyroidism, but some nutrients and minerals play a role in managing the underlying condition. Diet can affect both the production of thyroid hormones and how the thyroid functions.


The following foods can have benefits for people with an overactive thyroid

Low iodine foods

If a person is planning to receive radioactive iodine treatment for hyperthyroidism, their doctor may ask them to follow a low iodine diet.

  • noniodized salt

  • egg whites

  • fresh or frozen vegetables

  • tea and black coffee

  • herbs and spices

  • vegetable oils

How to increase thyroid hormone naturally

1. Green Tea

Hail the Orient. Green tea is known all over the world as a sure shot metabolism booster.

2. Yoghurt

The humble curd finds its place in the sun as it is one of the best foods for the thyroid gland. Dairy products, mainly yoghurt, are very nutritious and help to fulfil the iodine requirements of the body.

3. Avocado

Avocado is almost the wonder food of modern nutrition. Packed with antioxidants, good fats, fibre and essential nutrients, avocado is a must for those who have an imbalanced functioning thyroid.

4. Fruits: Apples, Pears and Citrus

Apples, pears, plums and citrus fruits are abundant with pectin, which help with detoxifying the body of mercury – one of the most critical metals that have been connected to thyroid problems.
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